「情緒截斷」

(http://www.prayinghearts.org.hk/articleshare/articles/emotionalcutoff.pdf

「情緒截斷（Emotional Cut-off）
家庭治療大師Murray Bowen 發現若家庭關係的情緒張力太大或過份糾纏，當事人無法承受過重的情緒壓力，便想脫離家庭的束縛，這種想像中的自由稱為情緒截斷。情況較輕時，當事人與家人交往會偽裝或隱藏自己真實的感受，如短暫的拜訪或電話聯絡，而且傾談的內容通常不涉及個人情感的需要。情況嚴重時，不但心理上分離，地理上也分離，會搬遷、離家出走，甚至切斷與家庭的實際接觸。Bowen 認為這只是從未解決的情緒束縛中逃走，而非真實的解決。活在高度焦慮和情緒依賴的家庭會使當事人出現情緒截斷的情況。例如，一位母親非常嚴厲管教或過份依賴孩子，孩子長期活在壓力下，長大後對情感付出產生恐懼，在人際關係中容易抽離。」

http://ideastoaction.wordpress.com/dr-bowen/bowen-theory/emotional-cutoff/

「If the tension becomes great enough any two people will pull apart. There is not an orderly process in relationships and growth is threatened when there are serious cut offs between the generations.  A threatened family system polorizes, blames a few, and the family enters into the process of cutting off when tension rises.  if one can grow away from their parents while still maintaing good contact then diversity in relationship can occur. The realistic differences that develop between people can be respected. 」

http://www.psychpage.com/learning/library/counseling/bowen.html

• In some cases, they model the same values and coping patterns in their adult family that they were taught in their childhood family without realizing it. They do not have another internal model for how families live, and so it is very hard to "do something different." Thus, some parents from emotionally constrained families may resent how they were raised, but they do not know how to be "emotionally free" and raise a family as they believe other families would.
• In other cases, they consciously attempt to be very different as parents and partners; however, they fail to realize the adaptive characteristics of their family and role models, as well as the compensatory roles played in a complex family. Thus, some parents from emotionally constrained childhood families might discover ways to be "emotionally unrestrained" in their adult families, but may not recognize some of the problems associated with being so emotionally unrestrained, or the benefits of being emotionally constrained in some cases. Because of this, Bowen believed that people tend to seek out partners who are at about the same level of individuation.」

(以上一段讓我明白為甚麼我爸媽的大兒子會學到我爸爸以前一些「爸爸的說話方式」 =.=)

http://163.14.159.70/2006apply/962/C14.ppt

「家庭投射歷程（the family-project process）
  父親或母親的情緒投射到孩子身上，減低家庭的焦慮，增加孩子的情緒混淆

情緒結斷（emotional cutoff）
       受不了情緒混淆的孩子，以情緒截斷的方式來保持自己的自主家庭所呈現出的問題，需要等到家庭關係被了解或受到挑戰之後才能產生改變。

只有當事者一個人接受治療效果不好。

了解家庭情感運作的轉捩點，及用來評鑑各個配偶互相融入的程度，及融入大家族的情形，可看出核心家庭演化的情況。

v

」